Case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 16

Case study - Essay exemplificationOn the other hand, the legitimacy theory studies the reactions of stakeholders in terms of their social obligations and requirements as imposed by the society and other forces. These two theories will provide insights into the reactions of BP following the oil spill.The stakeholder and legitimacy theories remain more or less of the most relied upon theories that explain the nature of reaction and approaches that companies, firms, and tunees undertake when faced with various perspectives (Friedman & Miles, 2006). These theories attempt to expose the thrust motives and the determining interests that help companies to develop various excerptions and alternatives as understood together with the policy framework of the companies. The choice of an approach is often determined by the long-term and short-term objectives of the company. These objectives may relate to matters of performance, public image, strike out protection, strategic considerations, a nd the costs involved. The long-term considerations of a companys interests are largely conditioned by multiple factors that make it necessary for companies to adopt approaches that can safeguard them against the perils of the market and the unpredictable nature of the business environment (Solomon, 2011).The stakeholder theory spells out terms for the survival and the sustainability of any company. According to this theory, firms should seek to create, sustain, and increase respect for all its stakeholders for the purposes of performance and survival (Philips, 2011 Philips, 2003). The theory begins from the point that the existence, performance, and progress of a firm is significantly dependent on the harmony that must exist among the stakeholders. Any adverse effect on one or some of the stakeholders will invariably spill over to the other stakeholders. As such, the work of the management is to harmonize, streamline, and prescribe the actions, policies, strategies, and

Identification of novel human cancer-specific antigens Literature review

Identification of novel human cancer-specific antigens - Literature review poser Likewise, opportunities to develop cancer treatment demonstrated promising results (Haffner et al., 2001 Jager, Jager, and Knuth, 2002 Fijak and Meinhardt, 2006 Park, Lin, Nishidate, Nakamura & Katagiri, 2006 Tabi and Man, 2006 Hayashi et al., 2007 Meklat et al., 2007 Dakshinamurthy, Ramesar, Goldberg and Blackburn, 2008 Hunder et al., 2008 Old, 2008 Caballero and Chen, 2009 Chen et al., 2009 Dubovsky et al., 2009 Fard and Modaressi, 2009 Vujanovic and Butterfield, 2009). Consequently, pioneering re wait in the search for effective cancer vaccines has produced cancer/testis antigens such as MAGE, GAGE, and NY-ESO-1 which are currently undergoing clinical trials (Mashino et al. 2001 Bowlus, 2007 Gierstoff and Ditzel, 2008). apiece year more cancer/testis antigens are being identified, creating more opportunities for research and increasing the chances of growing cancer vaccines that can be used not onl y for treatments, but for prevention as substantially (Jager, Jager, and Knuth, 2002). Also, research on cancer/testis antigens has brought to light important discoveries on how mechanisms of cancer development move at a molecular level (Alters, 2000 Old, 2001 Gjerstoff, Kock, Nielsen and Ditzel, 2007 Delbridge, 2010 Inagaki, Schoenmakers and Baarends, 2010 Suzuki et al., 2010). Moreover, studies on the link between chromo well-nighs and immune responses reveal that some cancers are more prevalent in males than in females. In addition, results also show that females may ingest higher cancer survival rates but are more susceptible to autoimmune diseases (Libert, Dejager and Pinheiro, 2010). however research on the role of cancer/testis antigens should be conducted, particularly in determining the mechanisms that open up cancer in the first place. Also, further studies should be performed to developed better cancer diagnostic methods and conspiracy immunotherapy

Law of Property Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Law of Property - Essay ExampleShe has similarly noticed that an apple tree in the adjoining garden has branches overhanging her own garden. She wishes to know whether she can roll in the hay the branches and whether she is entitled to keep any apples either taken from the branch or which fall from it.A. You are a trainee in a firm of solicitors consulted by Esther. Your main(prenominal) has asked you to research the relevant law and report to the principal (in 1,000 words) on what are the legal principles regardingOutside the word limit, give a bibliography of all books and databases used to acquit out the research, and give a list of all cases that you consulted (whether or not actually used in Part A of your answer), with their references.In order to be able to advise Esther of her rights over the items that have been remove from the property, the branches and apples overhanging her property and the watch found in the grounds it is necessary to examine the law surrounding cha ttels and fixtures as well as the law regarding property possessorship. In affinity to the items removed by the previous owner the law regarding chattels and fixtures would be applicable1. According to the maxim of quicquid plantaur solo, solo cedit2 which translates to mean that whatever is attached to the soil becomes get around of it this would mean that if the seller of a property removed plants from the garden he could be in intermission of the contract. In Elitestone Ltd v Morris 19973 the House of Lords divided the category of fixtures into chattels that have become part and parcel of the knowledge base and other fixtures.If an item can be removed from the property without damaging the material of the property the dally will generally regard such items as chattels4. In this particular case in relation to the carpets it is unlikely that the court would regard these as a fixture as removing them does not interfere with the fabric of the property.The bell might be regarde d as a fixture

Economic Exam 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Economic Exam 2 - Essay ExampleFor example, he proposed a speculation in regard to labor and value (Schumpeter 21).Schumpeter came up with a hypothesis base on Marx capitalist economy principles in which he stated that economies can evolve, create new structures and destroy old structures. In his regard governments posed the greatest risk when it comes to economy destruction (Schumpeter 59). He was right because, most government evolved from commie or monarchies to democratic governments but still go to war with each other.Keynes theory on macroeconomics to a fault known as Keynesian economics focuses on the total expenditure in an economy and the pitch the expenditure has on inflation and an economys output (Kennedy 196). In Keynesian economics, decisions made by both public and private institutions affect the output of an economy. Classical theory of economics has it basis concentrate on on the concept of free-market economies. The main difference between the two economic th eories is the influence of government on an economy. The Keynesian economic theory is reliant on the expenditure and policies of governments but the classical economic theory makes the assumption that there is a free-market (Kennedy 199). Another difference between the two theories is that Keynesian economics theory works on providing short-term results for an economy while classical economic theory focuses on providing semipermanent solutions for economic problems.Q.4. Characteristics of Anglo-Saxon capitalism and how does it differ from European and Asian capitalism? Which is the better example of Anglo-Saxon capitalism, the U.S. economy or the British economy?The main characteristic of the Anglo-Saxon capitalism model is that it operates based on common law with a judicial system which contemplates minimal government interference in the economy (Pryor 107). The difference between the Anglo-Saxon capitalism model and the

Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

epitome - Research Paper ExampleBut the use of buffered lidocaine faces some issues as it is a compounded medical specialty and needs to be procured from the pharmacy and with its short half-life the FDA requires this solution to be replaced weekly which has been adopted in time for this ease up understand. In the case of bacteriostatic normal saline, the presence of benzyl alcohol as a preservative and an anesthetic has been proposed as a suitable alternative for intradermal lidocaine. Other local anesthetics such(prenominal)(prenominal) as the topical lidocaine-prilocaine suffer from certain disadvantages as it is inappropriate for use on the day of the surgery, is non economical and needs to be applied 30 minutes prior to starting the IV for outmatch results. The workout of using intradermal bacteriostatic saline instead of intradermal buffered lidocaine as the former was hail effective was adopted by a Midwestern community hospital as a annoyance management strategy dur ing surgeries. However, the concern of the nurses in the hospital has been the lesser number of comparative studies that have placed efficacy of the 2 anesthetics. Additionally they have provided inconclusive evidence about the use of either intradermal lidocaine or bacteriostatic saline as an effective anesthetic prior to IV injection. then the present study aimed to determine the efficacy of the two anesthetics in order to bring about a practice change. ... However, previous studies have been inconclusive in comparing the effectiveness of the two anesthetics intradermal lidocaine and bacteriostatic saline. Hence the present study was designed to compare the efficacy and determine the degree of pain using the two anesthetics and a randomized double-blind quasi-experiment, and two-treatment, parallel designed study was conducted. The study was started after approval by the institutional re berth board. Both male and female same-day surgery patients in the age group of 18 to 80 we re invited to take part in the study. The inclusion criteria were the presence of a physicians order for a peripheral IV line and an ability to express the level of pain experienced. The sample size of the study included 150 adults who were admitted for same-day surgery between the months February and May. Two subjects required more than one venipuncture and in view of inaccurate reporting of the pain they were excluded from the study and others who were excluded include subjects allergic to lidocaine and others who had to take pain medication in the previous four hours. The degree of pain experienced by the subjects was measured using a special verbal numeric rating photographic plate (VNRS) in which the pain was recorded on a scale of 0 to 10. Buffered lidocaine for the study was prepared by a pharmacist using lidocaine and sodium bicarbonate and commercially available bacteriostatic saline was used. All the study subjects were blinded to the study solution and the basic demogra phics such as age, sex, race, IV location and catheter size were collected. The study protocol was explained to both the study participants and nurses who were responsible for the catheterization and communicate consent was obtained from the participants.

Laptops in Lectures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Laptops in Lectures - strive ExampleAccording to Fields, laptops single-valued function during lectures is the biggest distraction to listening of a student during lectures. This is because, when using the machine, so many an(prenominal) catchy items may come along as in the internet, there is usually breaking news show on celebrities which is an area of interest to most of the students in class. Fields further believes most of the addictives come with the use of internet which causes very big distractions like playing new games (Fields 1). I would like to disagree with this idea, as the use of computers in lectures can be used to establish the rate and level of attentiveness of a student while in class. Most of the students that are allowed to use these machines at lectures have the highest rate of slow-wittedness level. This is attributed to the fact that most of these students have to pay attention to any idea that a lecturer puts crosswise and record it as well. This means t hat laptops increase the level of concentration and also allows the students to multitask. According to Fields, there is obtuse reliance on the internet for any source of information currently. Most of the students allowed to use laptops during lectures tend to believe on the internet for any new information which does not allow the students to use their brains to think take down the most basics ideas. Most students have become so reliant on this technological whatchamacallum and even the most reliable sources of information that is found in books are currently not universe paid attention to.

Critical Thinking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Critical cerebration - Essay Examplever, recent years have shown the will of the two estates to come a quiet agreement but governmental analysts have argued that the influence of outside forces is greater than their will to negotiate a peace deal. One significant external force directly linked to this conflict is the coupled States.The join States is perceived as a great ally of the Israeli nation. At the same time the nation is directly involved in the quest for peace in the region. In an argument by citron tree (2006) the relationship between the United States and Israel is the greatest hindrance to a peace strategy between the Arab and the Israeli. The source further argues that the United States protects nuclear activities carried out by Israel but greatly condemn if any Arab nations affair the same weapons. With this intervention, the quest for peace in the region has become an imagination that may never be achieved. It is also an obvious assumption that the Arab populat ion has a significant level of hate against the United States. And their affair in the conflict in the Gaza does not make the situation better.One could easily argue that the type of the United States in this particular conflict is to safeguard its interest and their diplomatic relationship with Israel. However, to their defense the United States government has on several occasions claimed that its involvement in the conflict is based on its indebtedness to stop the use of dangerous nuclear weapons rejected across the globe. Additionally, its significance in the global political front puts the nation in a position whereby it has the obligation to act as the negotiator in this conflict.In an argument by Citron (2006) with the majority of the Arab nation against the role of the United States in the conflict, would it be better if the negotiating responsibility was given to a neutral nation? The same notion is shared by Maoz (2006) who argues that the Arab/Israeli conflict has been heightened by the constant interference of the

Microeconomics Current events Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Microeconomics Current events - Assignment ExampleThe crash in Colombian coffee ware can be well grasped from the statistics that in the year 2006 the surface area produced more than 12 million pound bags of coffee and was optimistic to take this number to more than 17 million by 2014. However the catastrophe that has been illustrated so far has restricted the Colombian coffee production at nine million pounds bags in the year 2010. This displays a decline instead of much expect raising. Research has been going on to form a suitable Arabic coffee variant with endemical qualities of Colombia that would be more resistant to pests and would be able to flourish even amidst heavy rain, however the nett outcome is yet to be found. Courting this deadline in supply on one hand and hold up in global demand for coffee on the other price of the same is on a rise. The retail price of coffee coming from famous brands has risen by 25% and the figure in futures market is even higher at 85%.Th e consequences for the Colombian coffee and the eventual impact on global coffee market from the same are following a simple logic. First of all told global warming and erratic climatic condition are mostly due to anthropocentric activities everywhere hundred of years especially after the industrial revolution. Secondly the decline in supply and rise in demand for the coffee (following an improvement of economic status of the population of the countries like India and China) has quite ostensibly resulted in a price rise in short run (excess demand). Again the scenario hovering global warming and the global climatic condition does not seem too bright in future therefore little hope is there that the production of coffee will be blessed with environmental favour once again in near future resulting in higher supply for the same.

Personnel management vs. human resource management Essay

power attention vs. human resource management - Essay ExampleThe philosophy ingrained behind HRM is that humans atomic number 18 the assets of an organization just interchangeable information and other. As such, pre-planned strategies have to be chalked out to properly manage the employees at work. It frankincense takes into narrative all internal or external factors that have a bearing on the performance levels of employees to wit culture of organization, structure, value system, dependency on other departments and cross-functional teams, psychological traits of employees, peer and social group, etc. It is thus an inter-related strategic function focused primarily on quality of human output achieved (IQPC 2006). Evolution of HRM from Personnel Management As mentioned before, HRM has evolved from personnel management through successive stages. Initially, personnel management was just rephrased as human resources management with no major(ip) difference in understanding or pract ice. With increased impulse on enhanced performance demands, coherent people structure and need for a central hands insurance policy, personnel management was re-conceptualized and named as human resources management with specific attention on four major employee areas- work systems, reward systems, employee influence and human resource flow (Poole 199998). However, with shifting focus from cost minimization to utility maximization, personnel management was made distinctive from human resources management as strategy crept into the latter. Thus, era personnel management regards people as workforce and treats matters on superficial levels reactively, human resources management adopts a proactive approach and considers people as assets and primary resource of an organization. Similarities mingled with... Any new initiative in a business scenario first starts at operational level but with continued success and patent resultsit turns strategic in its scope,implications,and implem entations.One such management function is personnel management which started decades back as a mere administrative tool to control operational activities of workforce.With the change in mindset of businessmen and policy makers and with the consideration of workforce as human assets for an organization, personnel management turned strategic with incorporation of other soft factors like performance, motivation, quality, behavior patterns, non-monetary benefits and above all, linkage between organizational objectives and human resource objectives.After analyzing the similarities and differences between personnel management and human resources management, it is pretty much obvious that differences outweigh the similarities. Similarities between the two are of very general nature which cannot serve as the basis for any academic analysis or discussion. It is the differing side which actually initiates the development of an opinion regarding how personnel management and human resources man agement and related. In ultramodern context when globalization is taking the world by storm and responsibility of sustained competitive moulding stays on people, these gaps between personnel management and human resources management will be widened.

Writing Historical Fiction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Writing diachronic Fiction - Essay ExampleFor a time I had inflexible after high aim I wanted to pursue something different rather than simply entering college. I had no desire what I would do get a job, study in a Buddhist monastery, join a commune whatever it was it would ensure that my life was unique. One nighttime I expressed this desire to my father, Daniel. quite an than rejecting my idea as I had expected he would, he empathized with me and told me that when he turned eighteen he had similar feelings. Rather than pursuing anything similar to what I had proposed, however, he went on a summer keen-sighted excursion passim the western sandwich United States. My father was born and grew up in Montana. Growing up in a large family he never really had the opportunity to travel throughtaboo the country. after(prenominal) high school, before deciding on his next course of action, he and two of his friends piled into a Cadillac and started towards the western part of United States with nothing but a map and backwardspack of clothes. We didnt really give way a plan he told me. Really, all we knew is that we wanted to see California and take it from there. They passed through Idaho and Oregon, object straight for San Francisco. It was 1972 when my father and his friends drove over the Golden Gate Bridge into the city. Through tabu the late sixties San Francisco had become the center of hippie culture. Protests regularly occurred there, bands and artists frequented the area, and songs were even written about the city. While San Francisco had experienced this large(p) idealism in the 1960s, the early 1970s were a time of growing cynicism. We pulled into the city with a large sense of naivete, believing there would be young nation with flowers and guitars all over the streets. In globe we were a hardly a(prenominal) years late he told me. They made it throughout many of the characteristic spots, We went to Haight-Ashbury, power saw Alcatraz, and r ode the cable cars. I had heard of San Francisco as the epicenter of 1960s culture, so I was very special(a) as to what had happened to the areas optimism. The month we pulled into the city was the same month men had been arrested for the Watergate scandal. A few years before Charles Manson had been arrested for leading the Tate-Labianca killings. It seemed like the collective culture of the area had grown tired of itself. They explored throughout the city nonetheless. While San Francisco was the heart of the 1960s counter-culture movement, the city also has an illustrious history dating back to the 19th century gold rush. What I remember the most is walking along the peer where the fishermen brought in their daily catch. Stands had been setup where you could buy fresh fish and chips. We sat along that peer each night looking out at Alcatraz. After a couple days in the city they decided to explore the surrounding area. They ventured up a hill that overlooked the city. The hill had actually been an old blue Civil contend army base he told me. It really surprised me to discover that preparations for the Civil War had extended as far west as San Francisco. While the area was a designated no dwell zone, they were traveling on a budget they waited until night time and set up sleeping bags out of site of possible passersby. We walked out to the top of the hill before right before the sunset and looked out across the Golden Gate Bridge and the city of San Francisco. I thought about all the people that had looked along here before and all the development the city had gone through. It was truly an American token he told me. He would go to sleep that night, but be woken up by cats clawing at his face.

Establishing A Technical College In Ivory Coast Dissertation

Establishing A Technical College In osseous tissue Coast - Dissertation ExampleThe secondary school education consisted of ii learning cycles totaling to seven age of learning. After the first cycle (the first four years of learning), the students were to sit for an exam and be issued with a certificate in lower secondary education- BEPC. With this qualification, a student would take on an entry-level job, join a teacher-training institution, or proceed to a college for triplet years. There were other alternative (complementary) courses for the students who did non make it to the colleges that combine both academic and practical training to equip the students with adequate skills that are essential in modify their productivity in the competitive labor market. The students received a certification that corresponds to one or two years of study at the university level in the US. This certification provided a qualification to pursue technical institutions and improve their profes sional and analytical skills. Education promotes political, genial, and economic development in a given country. A good education can only be realized if an effective educational system is clothe in place. Nevertheless, the development of this effective educational system is in turn affected by the political, economic, and social factors prevailing in Cote dIvoire (King, and Martin, 2010). This paper seeks to establish a vocational learning institution in the republic of Ivory Coast. This following the fact that higher education in this West African pass on has highly been affected by political instability and socio-economic variables in the economy. The countrys youth existence in need for higher education is very proportionate. Youths and the upcoming generation form the backbone to the economy of Ivory Coast. However, their ability and capacity to deliver is barred by inadequate access to learning institutions and facilities. increase access to these social amenities in the economy will therefore be essential in developing their technical and professional potentials, Motivation Ivory Coast was a French colony and succeed her independence in 1960. After the independence, the country was under a system of one-party rule for three decades with President Felix Houphouet-Boigny. On 28 October 1990, the country had the first presidential election in which the incumbent won with over 80% of the votes. Coupled with the social crisis that rocked the country, the presidential elections led to political unrest since the electoral plow was marred by allegations of rigging. Even though it was believed that democracy had been restored in country, the opposition parties and their leaders have not been treated fairly (Middleton, Ziderman, & Van, 2011). Therefore, there has been constant political unrest within the country. Last year, another presidential election was held in which his opponents according to the elections commission get the better ofed the defending president. The president dismissed the results and refused to concede defeat leading to another political unrest. This situation lasted until the president was forcefully hoisted from power. Since then, the country is in the process of reconstructing its distressed system and fixing the social and economic crises. As at 2005, Cote dIvoire had a large numeral of youthful populations with more than 42% of the entire population being at a lower place 15 years. A storey by the IMF in 2006 approximated the population of Ivory Coast to be 18.9 million. This decline in population yield rate was attributed to the fall in fertility rate, poor health, and lower immigration rate. Out of this population, approximately 48.8% of Ivorian lives below the poverty line with less than USD2 to survive on per day. Social amenities such as health, education, and lodgement have deteriorated

Managerial Accounting Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Managerial Accounting - Assignment ExampleThe engagement operating income in 2014 by Variable be Method is higher than that found by Absorption Costing Method because the document decreased in 2014. In any case when inventory increases, by Absorption Costing Method, the net operating income will be higher than that found using Variable Costing Method (Ray, 2014).4. In 2013, the Net Operating Income (NOI) using Absorption Costing is 3335 dollars higher than the value got using Variable Costing method. The difference results from the fixed manufacturing overhead that is added to the ending inventory under Absorption Costing method. A divulge of fixed manufacturing overhead is absorbed by the ending inventory hence cuts down the burden of the on-line(prenominal) period. That is, a part of fixed cost of the present period is taken to the next period.As claimed by MM to having used the Variable Costing Method to arrive at the price that results into a pelf of $5 (105-100) per Bike s ince the production cost of a Bike is $100 by Variable cost Method.Variable Costing method (VCM)is preferable for internal decision making such as pricing. This is because VCM provides managers with applicable information necessary for preparing contribution margin income statement. This leads to more effective CVP summary, Cost Volume Price analysis (Jacqueline, 2012). VCM separates Fixed and variable costs indeed managers are able to determine contribution margin ratios and points such as target profit points and break-even points and even carry out sensitivity analysis.On the other grant Absorption Costing Method (ACM) is recommended for reporting profit stakeholders. This is because financials statement prepared by the ACM conforms to the GAAP thus auditors accept the statements. Additionally, ACM assigns fixed cost to units of products hence this allows stakeholders to match costs to revenues(Jacqueline,

Legal Scenarios Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Legal Scenarios - circumstance Study ExampleParties to a contract of employment cannot alter the nature of the contract by only putting a label on it. In this scenario, indicia conspicuously equipoise the relationship in respect of an employment. To begin with, the level of defend exerted by Big Time over Glenn suggests an employee. The more than the control practised by one party over the other, the more the relationship weighs in favor of a contract of work. The exercise of control over the way in which work is carried out, and degree of such control are to be examined and applied as prominent distinguishing factors (Abdalla, Abraham v. Viewdaze Pty Ltd (2003)122 IR par. 23). The control test looks not only whether it is the employer who dictates what is to be done, only also the means of doing it, when it is to be done and where it is to be done (Employment Status, p.9). Big Time exercises great control over Glenn, in that it dictates the destination of the products, whi le Glenn is required to follow instructions. The second indicia relates to the right to delegate. In pull up and Echo Publications Ltd v. Tanton 1999 IRLR 367, the court held that a wide power of substitution is inconsistent with a contract of services. The usual rule is however not absolute. ... y, Sargeant and Jefferson, 2013, p.17).In this scenario, Glenn has a limited power to delegate given that he moldiness seek prior consent from the management of Big time. The manager was not obliged to accept every request, and could, therefore, dictate when Glenn could delegate. The third indicium rests to the fact that Glenn utilise his own truck and tools to do the work. Where an employee provides his own tools of trade, the relationship is more likely to be one for services (Abdalla, Abraham v Viewdaze Pty Ltd). Nevertheless, not every instance that an employee provides their own tools that the balance tilts in favor of self-governing contractors. In Hollis v Vabu Pty Ltd (2001) 207 CLR 21 the court considered that bicycles that the workers provided are not tools that could be used exclusively for the courier work that they had been contracted. Similarly in this scenario, a truck cannot be used exclusively for delivery of fresh produces exclusively. However, it is material if Glenn had adapted the truck for delivery purposes only. The fourth indicia arise from the fact that Glenn is required to make his own arrangements for taxation purposes. If the employer deducts tax on a PAYE basis, it is an indication of a contract of services. It follows that where the worker makes his own tax arrangements, the relationship is more likely to be one of an independent contractor. However, not all relationships where the worker makes his own tax arrangement are a contract for services as in Federal Commissioner of Tax v J Walter Thompson (1944) 69 CLR 227. Finally, the other indicia concern the postman of a financial risk in case of a sacking. Where the employer bears the risk of any financial loss or injury that arises in the course of the worker discharging his duties, the contract is

Why Eveline should stay Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Why Eveline should stay - Essay ExampleHer past has non been very good, but there is apprehension on trying a freshly route in livelihood because it will give up her father vulnerable because he is aged. The life after the death of the flummox is worse because she is expected to under civilize all the duties that the mom did. Her example portrays the challenge women underwent in the early twentieth century Dublin. The question was on whether to remain rooted to the domestic life or accept the new lease that can be achieved through eloping. Even though some people believe that Eveline should leave the city, I will argue that she should stay because of some reasons such as she is youth, she is not sure if she loves discourteous and her promise to her mother and her old father.The first reason which helps her deciding to stay in her city is because she is young at that time. If Eveline decides to leave the city, she will find everything is new in the new city. As a result, she take to reschedule her duties to adapt with the new city. Of course, because she is young and her mother is dead, she will find difficulty things with her life to run off these problems. The author says that Even now, though she was over nineteen, she sometimes felt herself in danger of her father rage (Page 202). So she tries to find someone who helps her with that. The best option for Eveline is to leave with her fianc and start a new life far from Dublin. From the past experience, fear rules the judgment done by Eveline. Also, she is young so she needs to take much responsibly of her life. But is it difficult to take care of yourself if you are young. When she hears the street organ compete on the night before the moms death, she resolves to stick to the routine and not try to veer from it. Such restriction based on the past makes acceptance of change hard.The second reason which leads a hand her to stay not leave is because she is not sure if she loves Frank. In fact, the ma jor challenge of the Eveline is overcoming fear and

Stategic Managment - Board Report on MarketPlace Progress Essay

Stategic Managment - Board Report on MarketPlace Progress - Essay ExampleEven though the overall performance may not look substantial in the first quarter, market fecundation has been acknowledged as one of the factors that led to the projection of these results. According to the financial reports of the first quarter, there has been a weak financial return, a clear indication that the company has long-term focus attributed by stock up turnouts (Grunig and Kuhn 2011).After the three years in this industry, Tech Nova Company has been considered as the third scoop up in travelers demand with a total return of 448 points after universal and Pineapple computers. However, the marginal distinction was quite narrow and can be easily attained. Moreover, the organisation forms the third best overall in market share. While striving to achieve its best competitive edge, the organisation has also put in place mechanisms to catch up with the second best firm before putting more violence of c ompeting with the leading company (Dobson 2004).Tech Novas market segments are characterized by more emphasis on both men and the travelers. However, latest reviews have pointed it out that much more can be generated from the workforce as compared to travelers. In addition, achieving substantial results from both is even easier through adjustments of the previous results. The organisational long-term intention is to menace in to the market for Mercedes because, this is one of the leading firms whose monopoly within the first quarter is an indication of good probable for the market (Betz 2001).From the preliminary results of the first quarter, Tech Nova has been competing scarce within three markets, but due to the organisational potentials, other markets have been identified. The company can make expansion regionally to areas such as Tokyo and Toronto since only PineApple has been dominant in these areas. The main organisational objective is to expand its market

Ethnicity and Religion Essay Example for Free

Ethnicity and Religion EssayThis compared with rough 45% of Hindus and Sikhs. In contrast, only 11% of white people described themselves as belonging to the church of England. Amongst Muslim men over the age of 35, four in five reported that they visit mosque at least once every week.Data from the 1991 enumerate demonstrates that Britain is ethnically diverse, there is a wide regularise of ethnic bases with different religious affiliations, and there are more ethnic groups than identified in the census data Modood and Berthoud (1997) analysed the 1991 Census data on ethnicity they suggest that ethnicity comprises 1. Subjective identification with which ethnicity do I and my group identify? 2. Religious identification to what extent does it help construct ethnicity?A number of general points bathroom be made about religious affiliation among ethnic minority groups that is, those people comprising the 5. 49% of the state identified in the Census as non-white. Most ethnic gr oups are more religious than the mass of the population. The table below shows the results of a survey conducted in Britain which asked respondents to state their religious affiliation

Analyzing Success in the Stories of Martin Dressler and Robert Irwin Essay Example for Free

Analyzing conquest in the Stories of Martin Dressler and Robert Irwin EssayWhen I first read Martin Dressler The Tale of An American Dreamer, I thought it was a very inspiring book. It talked about the life of an individual whose wakelesswok and perseverance took him to the authorize of his dreams. Well, it can be inspiring in rough way. Holding to your dreams and trying your best is one of the chief(prenominal) themes of the story. However, after I finished the book, I recognise that it was not as inspiring as I thought it is. For me, it is now a book that tells some issue about the irregularter side of life and success. It exposes one of the biting things this world is trying to concealthat success is the golden crown of an empty heart.From the story of Martin Dressler, I realized that success is not as great as what most of us venture and dream of. supremacy is a traitor that kidnaps the concourses opportunities to be happy with the one they love. Once success has kidnapped you, it allow ask for your most precious possessionyour familyas its ransom. As Martin Dressler moves to the top of his ladder of success, he similarly moves down to the pit of his decaying family. Following his dreams was indeed an achievement for him, but it was too the same thing that leads him to a miserable family life.In my opinion, most of us share the same situation with Martin Dressler. I, myself, generate also go through to be kidnapped by success. When I started college, which I consider as one of my greatest achievements because not everyone could founder the access to good education, I noticed that I was fair too busy with my studies that I approximately forgot to spend some quality era with my family. I got too blinded with the achievement that I was guardianship with my hand. During that time, I feared that I magnate lose the chance to be in college if I would not confirm serious with my schooling.As a result, I spent most of my time inside my r oom and in the library studying. Until one day, my mother asked me to have a conversation with her. From that, I learned how fast my kind with them has changed since I went to college. I realized my mis pull back and from then on, I incorporated good time management to my everyday life. For me, success can never bring danger if one knows how to manage his time well. Success can never betray you if you know how to deal with it. Another thing that I noticed with the parting of Martin Dressler is his great ability to make things happen.If examined, he started barely from anything. His perseverance was very admirable, especially during in his time when only the rich people could afford to put up a business like what he had. On my own opinion, though, hardwork and perseverance is not enough. Ones character is not the only thing that matters when following a dream. A person should not think that he can achieve success by relying solely on his own. He should also consider the people aro und him. Through mental synthesis good relationships with people, one can have a better reach of his dreams. Everyone of us is a dreamer. closely of our dreams are actually an American dream. To be successful is not bad. To be on top of our achievements is not selfishness. However, I realized that if we let our dreams to be our masters, the more it is hard for us to achieve them. Our dreams are our sailing master to the place where we want to be in the future. But they should never be the center of our life for we might miss the real treasureour family. Meanwhile, another book shares almost the same things of Martin Dresslers story comprehend is Forgetting the observe of the Thing One Sees, presenting the life of the American installation artist Robert Irwin.Although both characters have opponent personalities and were born in two antithetic time frames, Martin Dressler and Robert Irwin still share the same experiences and philosophy in life. Both of their stories are a represen tation of a fulfilled dreamDressler in achieving his dream of becoming a successful businessman, and Irwin in achieving his dream of finding the best field where he excels at. The two biographic writers namely Steven Millhauser and Lawrence Weschler, however, used two different approaches in portraying Dressler and Irwin.Millhauser, in his book The Tale of an American Dreamer, has included not only the beautiful and inspiring aspect of Dresslers life but also the downside effect of the success he achieved. This was not incorporated by Weschler in presenting the life of Irwin. For me, his book entirely narrates how Irwin started to have interest in the field of arts, how he became a painter, how he became inquisitive with his artistic limitations, and how he finally got his way to the field of installation art. Reading the first few pages of the book Seeing is Forgetting the form of the Thing One Sees, I easily got hooked into it.The first part was describing Irwins childhood and t he people and the kind of environment that mainly influenced him. However, as I continue reading, I felt alienated in the way Weschler describing things on Irwins craft. Sometimes, I found myself clueless of what he was narrating. Probably it is because I have no idea at all with some of the jargons in painting and installation art. There were some words that I did not understand and required me to re take care about them. The book, for me, seems a little bit technical if compared to the book The Tale of an American Dreamer.Analyzing the main characters life, though, leads me to conclude that his story is only the same as ours. In some depute in our lives, we get confused on which direction it is that we really will be taking. Everday, we are confronted with many choices, from the time we awake up to the time we take rest. It then makes me wonder how people make choices, specifically the right ones. What could be their criteria? In my own point of view, people make their choices by selecting the option where they would feel greater contentment or fulfillment.But depending on what kind of person you are, happiness and fulfillment is very subjective. Everyone has his own story when asked about what it is that makes him happy and fulfilled. Eventhough it is hard to agree on such an issue, I think the important thing to remember is that we fully grade and know ourselves. By knowing ourselves means knowing our needs, including our need for happiness. When we recognize this need, then I think it is easier for us to know where we can find happiness.This for me is what the book about Irwins life represents. He looked for his happiness by addressing his need to express his thoughts and his self. For me, the works that he did can make him feel that a circumstances of his self is being fulfilled. Talking about dreams, Dressler and Irwin, for me, are both portrayers of it. However, they represent dreams in two different faces one is a dream in exchange for something , and two is a dream in search for something. It seems to me that Dresslers American dream is crueler than Irwins dream.Although self- fulfilling, Dresslers idea of success yields more on the financial aspect as compared to the psychological one that Irwin has. For me, that of Irwins is a degree higher than that of Dressler. As a result, both of them gained successes that are in two different aspects, too. What Dressler achieved is a financial success while Irwin attain a more personal one. Works Cited Millhauser, Steven. The Tale of an American Dreamer. New York Vintage Books, 1997 Weschler, Lawrence. Seeing is Forgetting the Name of the Thing One Sees. USA University of the California Press, 1982

Fate in Oedipus the King Essay Example for Free

Fate in Oedipus the business leader EssayTragedy of Oedipus is about pre-destination vs free- allow for. Fate does play a part in the tragic follow up fall of Oedipus but it does non mean that his character and disposition has no liability for that. Excessive boldness and self-confidence of Oedipus is the main cause of his tragedy. He harbors unjustified suspicions against Tiresias and Creon in one place he goes so far as to express some uncertainty about the prophetic temperaments of oracles and truth of their prophecies.It is hardly in all likelihood that even a combination of all these would be equal to what Aristotle considered to be a serious hamartia, and it would not be very relevant to the point at issue even if he did, for Oedipus has committed incest and parricide geezerhood before the action of the play began, and before he exhibited any of the failing mentioned above. It would hardly be tenacious to say that the gods punished Oedipus for a crime which he was to commit many days later.Another sentiment is that the present failings of Oedipus may be taken to means that he was he was always like that, and his tragedy comes due some inherent or innate unsoundness in his character. So he is not a puppet in the hands of fate. But Sophocles also illustrates that it was fate that brought him to Thebes and it was gain fate that he came across someone at where three highways came together.It was his fate that he married his mother. Above all, fate has contend a pivotal role in his life from the very start and has not dealt with him even-handedly. The divine will as predicted and proclaimed by the oracle was absolute and it has nothing good about Oedipus. Although certain measures were taken by the King and Queen) to escape from that proclaimed destiny but it became the cause for the tragic downfall of Oedipus.That is the causality that Oedipus says after blinding himself. God. God. / Is there a sorrow greater? /Where shall I find harbor in t his world? / My voice is hurled far on a dark wind. / What has God done to me? (Sophocles 831) Dodds writes about the nature of fate as demonstrated by Oedipus that fate is inevitably and inexorably bound to happen no matter what Oedipus may have done to avoid it (Dodds 21).

Japan - Sound of Waves Essay Example for Free

lacquer Sound of Waves EssayAfter researching about the geography and religious beliefs of lacquer, I weed now realize how it impacts the novel, as the author has really described the setting and geography in depth. Japan has got a huge population for its weensy size. Since 4/5 of Japans land is full of Mountains (originally volcanos). This delegacy many commonwealth live in the narrow river valleys along the coast, which means people dont live equally distri justed more or less Japan lead to many people in a small space. Which means its a small area but still loads of people to gossip on Shinji and Hatsue. Mishima starts of the book with how small the island is, yet there are so many people. About fourteen coke inhabitants and a coastline of something under three miles . *Since Japan is an archipelago, there are many islands that make up Japan, but 4 main islands Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu. Instead this novel is set on Uta-Jima Song Island, to show the reade rs the life and figure on one of these Islands. We learn fishing is a very important part of their day on Uta Jima Island. The boy often brought fish in this way suggesting how regularly people eat fish. This is because people in Japan live in a archipelago, so they are separated from the rest of Asia, leading them to build unique characteristics.Since Japan doesnt have much farming land, they only have sea, which is why their main food is fish (sushi) and not any other meat or veggies. Having many islands this helps Japan, as each island is surrounded by sea. Therefore fish becomes their main source of food. The fish is served raw, as Japan doesnt have much trees (oil) to cook the fish, this explains why sushis fish is always raw. This shows us how important it is for Shinji to speck fish, because that is what his whole family lives on. ** Religion plays a big part of this novel. This novel is based on Shintoism. Shinto is a Japanese religion, that has 4 affirmations, but there i s one main one which is shown through out this novel, wonder of Nature. Everything in the novel is based on the sea, which is of course nature. All the descriptions are revolved around nature The gravestones looked like so many white sails of boats anchored in a busy harbor This explains why Shinji is so attached with the sea, because its part of his religion, this shows the readers that Shinji is religious. As a Shinto believes that nature is sacred, and to be in foregather with nature is to be close to the Gods. ** Therefore, the geography of Japan and the many religious beliefs of Shinto all becharm Shinjis character in the novel, from where they eat, to how they live to how he loves

A History of Melody Essay Example for Free

A History of Melody EssayThe fiddle emerged from a primitive musical bow, commonly an arched stick with a string stretched taut between the two ends (Hughes, 2008). The string is divided by a loop or a bridge (Thinkquest, 1999). The first bridge was apply to add to the peckers sonority when the string was vibrated, and strings were attached across suitable receptacles (Hughes, 2008). These resonance enhancers took many an(prenominal) forms-tortoise shells, coconut, calabash, wooden boxes and even bulls eye bladders (Thinkquest, 1999), thrust tightly between the strings and the bow (Thinkquest, 1999). Also to enhance the resonance of the bow, the pecker was held forward the mouth (Thinkquest, 1999). The fiddle probably came to atomic number 63 around the 9th ampere-second, mostly originating from Asia (Thinkquest, 1999). It took the evolutionary process of the violin about 450 long time to bring the violin to its present form. This only shows the long years of experienc e needed by the makers of the stringed instrument (Thinkquest, 1999). The use of a bow to draw across the strings followed, probably imported into Europe from Asia by Arab travellers (Hughes, 2008).The evolution of the violin was slow. It took until the middle Ages for a version of the zither, a popular and older instrument, to formulate into the vielle, which saw the instrument being held against the shoulder. This differentiated it from the zither, as the latter was held across the knees (Hughes, 2008). As beat went on, the maestro one string grew to four, and for a time, five strings (Hughes, 2008). Fashionable until the 16th century, the vielle was changed with the small wooden ribs used in similar wooden plucked instruments replaced by the tailpiece and bridge (Hughes, 2008). violin 2 By the time of the Renaissance, the viol (a bowed stringed instrument chiefly of the 16th and 17th centuries make in treble, alto, tenor, and bass sizes and distinguished from extremitys of th e violin family especially in having a deep body, a flat back, sloping shoulders, usually six strings, a fretted fingerboard, and a low-arched bridge (Merriam-Webster, 2008), was being used, the first having a hole adding resonance and tone to the instrument (Hughes, 2008).It was a short time that the viol evolved into the viola da gamba (a bass member of the viol family having a range approximating the cello (Merriam-Webster, 2008), which was blowouted between the knees of the musician, and the viola de braccio held against the shoulder. The modern shape of the violin was evolved from the second version of the instrument (Hughes, 2008). The Violin evolved form many different instruments, including the Rebob, the Rebec, Lira da Braccio and the Renaissance fiddle. The violin today, the new violin was not used until 1630 in Italy (Berkeley, 2008).The evolution of the modern violin appears to live with been completed in Italy with the most notable violin maker Andrea Amati at Cremon a, providing 24 violins, six violas and eight cellos for the French King Charles IX in 1560 (Hughes, 2008). Another famous violin maker, Antonio Stradivarius, joined the Amati school in the latter half of the 6th century (Hughes, 2008). The violins refinery As stated earlier in the paper, that apart from the Arab travellers influence had an on the violin, there is no accepted fact on who invented the violin or a stringed instrument that is played with a bow (Hughes, 2008). near of the theories place the invention of the violin at around 1520 A. D. wherein the violin is included in the Gaudenzio Ferrari painting The bloody shame of the Orange Trees (cited in Berkeley, 2008). Violin 3 and the violin emerged in Italy in the early 1500s and seems to take in developed from two medieval bowed instruments-the fiddle, also called the viele or fiedel, and the rebec-and from the Renaissance lira de braccio (a violin-like instrument with forth the finger drone strings (Rosenblum, 2007). Al so related to the violin, still not direct ancestors, is the six-string fretted viol.The viol appe bed in Europe before the violin and existed with it side by side for about 200 hundred years (Rosenblum, 2007). In the early 1600s, however, the violin gained prestige through its use in operas such as Orfeo(1607) by Italian composer Claudio Monteverdi, and through the French King Louis XIII band of musicians, the 24 violons de roi (the Kings 24 violins, formed in 1626). This growth in stature continued throughout the Baroque period (1600-1750) in the kit and boodle of many notable composer-performers.Among them were the Italians Ar tidy sumgelo Corelli, Antonio Vivaldi and Giuseppe Tartini and the Germanys Heinrich Biber, Georg Philipp Teleman and Johann Sebastian Bach (Rosenblum, 2007). The Craftsmen The earliest important violin makers were from Northern Italy, Gasparo da Salo (1540-1609) and Giovanni Maggini (1579-1630) from Brescia and Andrea Amati (1525-1611) from Cremona. The craft of violin fashioning reached its height in the 17th and 18th centuries in the workshops of the Italians Antonio Stradivarius (1644-1737) and Giuseppe Guarneri (1698-1744) from Cremona and the Austrian Jacob Stainer (1617-1638) (Rosenblum, 2007).Violin 4 Gasparo da Salo (1542-1609) The move over of the Brescian school of violin makers, Gasparo Bertlotti, or Gasparo da Salo, was a dedicated craftsman and instrument maker. He was in one case credited with the claim of having developed the violin in the shape we know today. Although his claims have been disproved, his instruments argon as yet admired and venerated (Smithsonian, 2008). Gasparos violas are considered finer than his violins and probably were more numerous (Smithsonian, 2008).His viola da gambas were converted to violincellos and are much esteemed, and some of his six-stringed bass viols have been remounted as three and four stringed double basses. Twenty instruments have been recorded (Smithsonian, 2008). Giovann i Paolo Maggini (1579-1630) An apprentice of Gasparo da Salo, he acquired a thorough knowledge of the woods available to him (Smithsonian, 2008). Maggini made his own mark and as a master, his own techniques of craftsmanship. He frequently experimented to improve tone role for his pieces and perfect his construction methods (Smithsonian, 2008).Many of the instruments made by Maggini at the twilight of his career are considered his finest work. These works are known for the quality of the woods and unusually large impenetrable holes as well as for their unusually mellow tones (Smithsonian, 2008). Andrea Amati (1525-1611) The founder of the great Cremona school of violin making, Amati focused on violins and was making viols and rebecs. Instruments date after 1584 are said to be the works of his sons Antonio and Hieronymus (Smithsonian, 2008). Violin 5It is claimed that he made 24 violins, 6 violas and 8 cellos for the French king Charles IX for use at the court at Versailles (Smiths onian, 2008). A few of these instruments survive to this day (Smithsonian, 2008). Antonio Stradivarius (1644-1734) Stradivarius interpretation of geometry and design served as a conceptual model for violin makers for more than 200 years (Smithsonian, 2008). Stradivarius also made harps, guitars, violas and cellos- more than 1,100 instruments by current enter (Smithsonian, 2008). about 650 of these instruments survive today (Smithsonian, 2008). Bartolomeo Giuseppe Guarneri (1698-1744) Guarneri is considered the most illustrious member of this violin making family. The fifth and last member of the family, he is known more as Joseph Guarnerius del Gesu. Guarnerius is the Latin form of the family name and Joseph the Hebrew form of Giuseppe (Smithsonian, 2008). The estimate of his total production is not more than 250 violins no evidence suggests that he made more (Smithsonian, 2008). But at least one violoncello and some violas are attributed to him.The outline of his violins, with sli ght modifications, is founded on instruments of Stradivarius (Smithsonian, 2008). Stradivarius and Guarnerius are ranked as among the greatest violin makers, but fine violinists prefer Guarnerius over Stradivarius (Smithsonian, 2008). Whatever the muniment or whoever the maker of the violin, we all must appreciate the efforts of these individuals who in one way or other contributed to the making of the violin. All these men have given much by way of continuously honing the instrument as it is known and esteemed today by scores of people.Violin 6 Personal Reflection The violin represents probably on of the more versatile, elegant and mysterious of the instruments that we have today. The seeming smallness of the instrument slightly does not tell of the long and painstaking process that went into its refinement and development. The reason that I centred the paper on this instrument is just for those following reasons. The instrument for me seems to just waft its notes and sounds ov er the listeners ears at just the function moments.They are, I believe, different from the wind pieces such as the trumpet and the saxophone. These pieces produce these shrill notes that sometimes function to be irritable if you are not an admirer for the kind of music. But the violin just seems to play its notes in a mellow and smooth sound. It sometimes will want to lull to sleep at times. Im a fan of the violin. For me, there is just no instrument just like it in sound and depth and quality of sound. Yes, there are many pieces out there that seem to sound alike, but cant seem to touch the position of the violin.I cant imagine an orchestra without a violin in the strings section. It would be incomplete without it. The sound would be really different than the violins in it. And the violin can cross over to different genres of music, from classical to country to pop to jazz and to others, without a tad of difficulty. Thats another(prenominal) thing I like about this instrument, it s very versatile. It can just blend in with the sundry(a) styles of music that you put it with and it will perform handsomely, a trait not all instruments can self-praise of.What we can do now is just relax at every playing of the violin, just to enjoy the elegant sound of the instrument as the musician begins to play and begins to once again weave its delusion over its listeners.ReferenceBerkeley. (2008). The origins and history of the violin. Retrieved February 11, 2008, from Berkeley website. http//www-atdp. berkeley. edu/2030/jmoriuchi/violin-title. html Hughes, A. (2008). Where did the violin originate? Retrieved February 11, 2008, from Answer Bank database http//www. theanswerbank. co. uk/Article1910. html Merriam-Webster. (2008). Viola.Retrieved February 11, 2008, from Merriam-Webster website http//www. merriam-webster. com/ lexicon/viol Rosenblum, M. (2007). Violin. Retrieved February 11, 2008, from Microsoft Encarta encyclopaedia database. http//encarta. msn. com/encyclo pedia_761576364/Violin. html Smithsonian Institution. (2008). Violin makers. Retrieved February 11, 2008, from Encyclopaedia Smithsonian website. http//www. si. edu/Encyclopedia_SI/nmah/violdasa. htm ThinkQuest. (1999). The violin. Retrieved February 11, 2008, from Oracle Education Foundation database. http//library. thinkquest. org/27178/en/section/1/index. html

Toys and Games Essay Example for Free

gyps and Games EssayThe Toys and Games persistence is one of the most adaptable and resultive enterprise businesses that outlined a wide scope of harvestings for younger children as considerably as slenderly older children. An increasing commercialise of children runs and coarse-graineds have grown over the last several years to producing ambitious proceedss that satisfies p arnts twain on prices and technology. The work and gaming application has grown to produced extra familiar entertainment harvestings as well as post identity to solidify the fellowships station paleness (Kelly, 200008). For instance the Mattel and Hasbro family stigmatizes contributes to the enormous consumer refers to toys and gaming system in the United States, China, and U. K. that created fierce competition with corresponding planetary federation punctuates. The securities industry strategies implemented by the firms operating in different geographic locations present an inte resting scene for defining the product sliceiculars (Armstrong and Kotler, 200798). Some of the boundaries identified in the toy and gritty industry that resulted in the commercialise being affected by falling birth rate.This in turn created a lower function in children population is declining in the prehistoric decade from 1996-2001 (Key Note, 200744). Therefore, the boundary creates the need for enterprises to redesign products for the older children food commercialize and provide appropriate marketing aspects according (Emeraldinsight. com, 2008). The marketing strategies used by the firms the major company brands be centered on the core technical advancement to solidify the target variance (Shermerhorn, 200838).The marketing strategies atomic number 18 planned and executed from its central platform in the internationalist market referable to the vast opportunities to scope majority of the children population. The companys brand cohesive approach provides the chall enges exposed by each firmament market that redefines the boundary previously indicated for exposure in the United States, China, and the U. K. target market segments identified (Asa. org, 20082).The toy and games industry sectors ar categories in nine units that be as passs (Key Note, 200711) ? Infant/pre-school toys and games products for under 5year olds ? Activity toys ? clear/sport toys and games ? Games/puzzles ? Dolls ? Action toys ? Vehicles ? Plush toys ? Other Products The toy and game industry category sectors ar garnering the marketing approach to be designated by target demographic and locations to render the most brand equity to a profitability standing (Chitty, Barker, and Shrimp, 200522).The business enterprise has to renders a longer consumer commitment to a particular brand in order sustaining operations when the target demographic changes, case in point the last past decade declined in child births (Cameron, 2004). more(prenominal)over, the pricing strategi es offer an different element to assist in the differentials amongst the large company brands that creates a fundamental aspects to outlined the concepts for competitive prices in order to become the loss leader in the toy and game industry. The impact of government policies and laws on the Toys and Games IndustryThe identified government policies impacting the Toys and Games industry relates to several concerns that safety to weights and measure regulations. These both(prenominal) areas out of the many specified regulations depending on the location or so the world where toys and games are sold, the safety area and weight measurements are dominately the primary concern. The safety legislation enforces the Toy Safety Directive 88/378/EEC that stricts the toy company to adhere to materials not destructive to the milieu or longtime negative exsposure to children.Further more(prenominal), the safety legislature covers the means for ensuring the toy products and games are aligned communication the correct assessement towards age, choking hazards pieces, EN71-22006 Flammability, and otherwise additional information to provide the parent the right assessment. The weights and measure regulations 1994 No 1851 relates to the requirement for an indication of actual weighing of the toy and game. Case in point, the younger children demographic are at different sizes as well as the container/furniture to spend a penny or stand up the product (Key Note, 200755).Therefore, this particular regulation provides the parent indispensable information to better assess what is satisfying for the children and/or houselhold. The weight and measure regulations allows for the companys brands to focus on the appropriate components necessary to address two folds of marketing and RD concerns pricing and targeted demographic preferences for longtime interests in the toy or game. These enforced government policies are geared towards bringing the law within the toy and game indust ry to facilitate the exploitation company brand in the international market as well as domestically.In doing so, the end substance abuser that is mostly younger children are able to enjoy the toy and game product to its full probable without the immediate concern of a possible harmful outcome. Analysis on the Economic Forces which Affect convey for the Toys and Games Industry The scotchal environment is constantly changing that produces a challenging concept for toy and game companys to being notional in selling and distributing their products. The U. K. gross domestic product continues to show the consistent take of growth from 2004 to currently.In doing so, the GDP has provides a very positive backdrop for the corporate spending in RD for product phylogeny. The area of inflation does arises, especially the last couple of years particularly in U. K. , in which the rate have lagged behind for the increase of kinsfolk disposable income (Carol. co. uk. ,20082). As economists have outlined, the prices that rises in an parsimoniousness as a whole hoave been lower than income rises creates opportunities for toys and games company enterprises to adapt to the market conditions (Baye, 2009102) The GDP in the U. K.averages to a 5% increases between 2007-2010 that encourages toys and games enterprises for further investment in traditional demographic markets. The senior management group within the toy and game industry companies provided the needed funding to further explore more creative ways to tap into the available expendable/spendable income of households. Respectively, the international focus of marketing to these targeted households are more impressive in highlighting new products and features that can translate to crazes that boost volume sales for specific products.The growth rate continues to improve as more and more toy and game companies trained their marketing team to identify trends and adapt quickly to the changing preferences in the demograph ic (Pelsmacker, 2006122). Case in point, the modish report on younger children are more inclined to prefer toys and games that are older in content that is understanding collect to the rise in pre-school education. The younger children population tend to be more attracted to toys and games that are at least1 grade high that produces an emphasis on creating products that are challenging to hold childrens interest.The economic environment additionaly creates a structure for companys to provide upgraded options in order counteract with limited product shelf life within the particular age groups. This is critical for major brands to adjust accordingly due to current trends of younger children preferences that are different than forty years ago. The cooperation of major companys brand with retailers and research on trends offers a stronghold to RD to marketing efficaciously in a challenging economic environment. The Impact of Demographic Change, Societys beliefs, Values and Attitudes The identified impact of demographic changes are in the specifications preferences from the younger children population. In recent years, the younger children population prefers more challenging activities from toys and games that requires for better RD to market in effect in the industry. In addition, the impact of the primary demographic creates an opporutunity for major companys to expand the focus of product development for ages 7-9 and 10-18 that focuses on educational development as well as entertainment.These demographic changes has pros and cons depending on the specificity of the toy and game company to adapt accordingly in order to stay relevant and leader in the industry (Bryman, 200745). The gilds beliefs, revalues, and attitudes on certain toys and games provide for social responsible company to adhere to that allow for not limit the marketability of the product. That is why most toy and game companies concentrate most of their investments in the international market s to expose the product line.The different cultures provides for a more specified marketing dodge that acknowledge the children society belief and values that will encourage a positive attitude towards the company brand. Case in point, the Mattel fraternity number one doll Barbie is marketed internationally and in each culture there are different theme Barbie, for instance the UK model will be different for the China model or even the U. S. A. model. This approach allows for a more competitive toy and game company to incorporate needed attributes in products that has a lasting impressions on younger and older children.The flexibility of the younger children preferences allows for the creation of upgraded bespoke toys and games that older children are more attracted to purchase accordingly. Therefore, the brand of Sony and Playstation developed different demographic age groups to market that will balance out the disparity of time periods of low birth rate to a higher older children population. The demand for a different gaming experience by the older demographics sets the bar for firms both in the U. K. and the United States that creates a platform for influencing the marketing and design strategy (Burnes, 2004102).The toy and games companies are utilizing the feedback from consumers and consolidation a newer technology approach that infuses the society beliefs of acceptable products (Wild, Wild, and Han, 200694). The challenge is the constant ability to target market the appropriate resources to secure the designated children population (Fleming and Koppelman, 200625). The approach taken by each of the toy and game companies is to red ink products and game titles that catered to the targeted demographic preferences with care to parents and children values of appropriate features, i.e. the Brats Dolls probably will not be acceptable in China compared to the U. K. or the U. S. A. Therefore, the advancements during certain times for maximum impact in designin g the product and accessories are critical to demonstrate a willingness to staying as a leader in the industry (Williams, 2008). The toy and game industry provides the straight forward concept to effective RD that produces an interesting business perspective to effectively knowing the market in different geographic locations to meet is strategic goals in demographic assessment. task the Impact of Technological Development in Relation to Toy and Game Industry. The dramatic impact of expert development in relation to the toy and game industry is the major features for the Sony PlayStation contrasting approach from the other products. As mention prior, the major opportunity for toy and game companies to market the brand towards different demographic age groups when the fluctuations in birth rate creates an audience interested in complicated toys and games (Cooper, Grey, Raymond, Walker, and 200528).These fluctuations in time-tables of purgative titles and online initiatives in China compared to the USA. The strategy for the time-tables is to apply pressure in the gaming markets on the other brands to follow suit after Sony sets the trend. The outcome projected for online capabilities increased revenue and returned investment due to the Sony PlayStation robust multimedia system capabilities (USA Today, 20051). Conversely, the fundamental marketing strategy for Sony PlayStation is to allow U. K.to focus on the accessibility mindset for the expansion into international markets by the availability of titles to increase interest in the product. In doing so, the Sony PlayStation continues to stay competitive compared to Xbox and Nintendo Wii in both international markets. The Xbox predominately brand positioning with the manufacture trade-name Microsoft offers a competitive edge in the U. K. and the United States to mention the brand competitive to Sony PlayStation and Nintendo Wii. (See Figure A). strike out Positioning Brand Name Selection Brand Sponsorship Brand Development Attributes Benefits Beliefs and Values Selection Protection Manufacturers brand Private brand Licensing Co-branding Line extensions Brand extensions Multi-brands New-brands More importantly, the Sony PlayStation PS3 consoles have sold in the U. K. markets creates a profound interests to producing sales trends upwards (PlayStation. com, 2008 2).The identified recent market strategy to improve the consoles model of PSP and PS2 that features a Blu-ray influenced the overall sales returns for the company. The Blu-ray provided the Sony PlayStation to effectively utilize the younger demographic age range from 12 to 18 years old. This approach for the Sony PlayStation differs from some of the other products by centering and maintaining the aspect of a visual experience as the primary focus. In doing so, the targeted market segment offers Sony PlayStation to take a crap on its already establishing consumer base to strengthen its brand identity (Sony, 20081).Furthermore, the S ony PlayStation marketing strategies adapt its features to the U. K. market on technique for the gaming experience compared to other international geographic markets that provides accessibility to upgrade features. The Sony PlayStation focuses on the titles for the photo game console produced to solidify their lead in specific game titles. The PlayStation 3 competes with Microsofts Xbox 360 and Nintendos Wii as part of the generation of video game systems that distinguishes the PlayStation by its unified online gaming service, the PlayStation Network.The theoretical concept that Sony Company delight incorporates is based on the understanding to the international markets that the firm concentrates on adaptability that secures a holding on the demographic both offline and online. The firm geographic locations, specifically in markets that catered to the product demographics interets presents more a direct interest to the game titles and technical online accessibility. Moreover, the Sony PlayStation contrasts with previous game developers perception on how Sonys marketing strategy for the online forge to infuse advertising funding appropriately (Porter, 200489).Nonetheless, the Xbox generation video game console expanded the ornament to present Microsofts second foray in succeeding their projects in the international launch (Bowen, 2000). The promotional strategy for the Xbox 360 focuses on opening an alternate reality game title selections primarily in the USA and the Microsoft mess primary focus is to split resources for products exposure in U. K. for the marketing strategy. The focus on the U. K. is mainly due to the reported sales that have slowed due to the onset of the Nintendo Wii product launch that counteracts Microsoft Corporation approach (Xbox.com, 2008). Therefore, the Microsoft Corporation strategy is to penetrate the domestic and global markets with advance visual impact technology by presenting the product on an online communitys websites. Th e Xbox brand identity has grown in the internatinal markets over the years on with association to the British and American public therefore, the brand identity provides an advantage in securing the brand equity compared to Sony PlayStation and Nintendo Wii.However, the Xbox marketing strategy for the product concentrates on the adaptability and brand loyalty in the United States the on freeing approach is to strenghten itself in U. K. and international markets. The measure implemented by toys and games companies such as Microsoft Corporation Xbox, Nintendo, and other corresponding companies provides the necessity of the concept for consumers to utilize the products in a different way rather than an ordinary way (Nintendo. com, 20083).The toys and game technology strategy is to provide more attractive software adaptability with creative tools to spiel the video game to solidify the consumer base. The product offers the technical capabilities on the online marketing to solidify the target market population for infusing the products brand equity. The 3 most Opportunities and 3 most Threats Identified The ternion most opportunity for the toy and game industry is the companies sources of information on demographics, distribution to international markets from economic scale, and the market is susceptible to crazes that boost volume sales for a specific degree.These benefits of using demographic segmentation for targeting a children population audience is the increase of the share of the customer in the market, high customer equity, and brand equity that provides continued growth for business operations. The building of profitable relationships with them is the foundation of marketing management (Mantel, Mereidith, Shafer, and Sutton, 200811). The grammatical construction for the marketing management agenda is the philosophy for a design plan that empowers the brand idenitiy through effective customer-driven marketing strategy (Thill and Bovee, 200788).The oppo rtunity creates a vast trend towards a specific product item that at times transcends the available spendable household income that truly boost sales. Therefore, the ability to change efforts to finding, attracting, and growing the target demographic from younger children to slightly older children proves beneficial by superior customer value (Kotter, 19961) The identified three threats are children getting older creating a shorter product shelf life, many products are global but ignoring local markets, and toys and games company has to compete with for consumer expenditures during high buying season i.e. Christmas. Therefore, the pursuit to successfully utilize the RD data to formulate products that adapts to growing children to reduce shelf-life, however, companies that do not invest accordlying in RD fall back a significant share in the demographic segmentation (Saunders, 200755). The focus effort required to balancing the marketing strategy not just globally but locally provide s a strong hold on the brand loyalist to further brand equity.Respectively, the measure to acquire toy and game brand influence both globally and locally markets requires the needed information to segments of the targeted demographics to when to effectively market during low periods of household spending. Therefore, the methods to achieving and managing the toy and game company brand identity to established a familiarity from the customer base that produces product superiority through brand value proposition. References 30 Key Note (2007) The Key Note theme 2007 21st Edition, Edited by James Manley, Retreived celestial latitude 23, 2008, Published date May 2007Emeraldinsight. com (2008) The Emerald Insight Review, Retrieved December 22, 2008, from http//www. emeraldinsight. com ASA. org (2008) The Advertising Standards Authority, Retrieved December 28, 2008, from www. asa. org. uk Carol. co. uk (2008) Annual Report Online, Retrieved December 26, 2008, from http//www. carol. co. uk Chitty, W. Barker, N. Shimp, T. A. (2005). Integrated Marketing Communications. Melbourne Nelson. Pelsmacker, Patrick (2006) Marketing Communications A European Perspective. Financial Times/ learner Hall 3 random variablePorter, Michael (2004) Competitive Strategy Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors. large-minded Press New Ed edition Saunders, Mark (2007) Research Methods for fear Students. Financial Times/ assimilator Hall 4 edition Schein, Edgar (2004) Organizational Culture and Leadership. Jossey Bass 3rd Edition Baye, Michael R. , (2009) Managerial political economy and Business Strategy Fifth Edition, Retrieved from August 2, 2008, McGraw-Hill / Irwin, Boston, MA Bryman, Alan, (2007) Business Research Methods. Oxford University Press 2Rev Ed editionBurnes, Bernard, (2004) Managing Change A Strategic Approach to Organizational Dynamics. Financial Times/ Prentice Hall 4 edition Cameron, Ester, (2004) Making Sense of Change Management A Complete Guide to th e Models, Tools and Techniques of Organizational Change. Kogan scalawag Ltd PlayStation. com (2008) The Official Website of Sony PlayStation, Retrieved from July 27, 2008, from http//www. playstation. com Nintendo. com (2008) The Official Website of Nintendo, Retrieved from July 25, 2008, from http//www. nintendo. comUSA Today, (2005) Tech Gaming, Retrieved from July 29, 2008, from http//www. usatoday. com/tech/gaming/2005-11-21-xbox-rivals_x. htm Sony Boasts PlayStation, (2008) The PlayStation Boasts Sales, Retrieved, from July 30, 2008, from http//www. joystiq. com/2008/01/06/sony-boasts-playstation-holiday-sales-numbers/ Xbox, (2008) The Official Website of Xbox, Retrieved from July 26, 2008, from http//www. xbox. com Armstrong, Gary, Kotler, Philip, (2007). Marketing An Introduction, 8th Edition. Pearson, Prentice Hall, Upper saddleback roof River, New Jersey Wild, John J., Wild, Kenneth L. , Han, Jerry C. Y. , (2006). International Business, The Challenges of Globalization Wi lliams, Meri (2008) The Principles of Project Management, SitePoint Incorporated Fleming, Quentin Koppelman, Joel (2006) earn Value Project Management, 3rd Edition, Project Management Institute Bowen, R. Brayton, (2000). Recognizing Rewarding Employees. Journal of McGraw-Hill Professional apply Group. 2(3) 140-141 Kelly, Joe, (1998). Existential-Systems Approach to Managing Organizations. Journal of Greenwood Publishing Group, Incorporated. 1(3) 122-125Shermerhorn, John, (2008). Organizational Behavior. Wiley, 10 Edition Cooper, Dale, Grey, Stephen, Raymond, G, and Walker, (2005) Managing Risk in Large Projects and confused Procurements Mantel, Samuel J. Jr. Meredith, Jack R. Shafer, Scott M. Sutton, Margaret M. (2008) Project Management in Practice, John Wiley Sons, Inc. Publishing Kotter, John (1996) Leading Change. Harvard Business School Press Thill, John V. and Bovee, Courtland L. (2007) Excellence in Business Communication, Seventh Edition, Pearson Prentice Hall, Uppe r Saddle River, New Jersey

Network Security Essay Example for Free

Ne 2rk Security EssayYou ar interested in starting your give birth Music Store, QualitySounds, in a suburban area of your town. You invite to design and build a vane and computing solution for your stores. You have done some initial planning and you ordain start with two stores (but you plan to add two more stores across town within one year). Your store impart sell new and used music and allow customers to get online in your stores and download music. You also will offer classes on how to setup music downloads and configure MP3 devices. You took data processor net incomeing courses in college and you feel you can take over this solution yourself. Upon initial planning, you have identified the following requirements for your network* Connects three office computers and one computer used for Point-of-Sale (POS) services at each of your stores. You also want six (6) computers in the dormitory/store where patrons can download music and you can run training classes for peop le to learn rough using MP3 players and get other basic information. The two offices have to be connected into one cohesive network, sharing POS services and other critical company information.You also need to provide a make out casual area for people to stop in and discuss music and connect wirelessly to the net (you might even offer free coffee to entice people to come in to your store). * Provides passable security for all of the company communications and documents (especially sensitive sales documents). All POS services must be protected. All general network access should be segmented from the company POS services. * Fast and have superfluous capacity as the company grows* Provides for centralized printing * Supports the eventual addition of other stores to the network * Provides customers with a general information Website and a secure Website where clients can buy services, and products * Provides for limited downtime (24 hour downtime maximum) * Provides for centralize d commission and control of the computers in the two stores, so that you can maintain the network from off-site * Provides for long-term represent effectiveness* Provides a suite of software tools for the employees to effectively communicate and a POS solution for the storesThe company does not have any equipment. Your plan should include a complete network and computer system that meets these requirements and prox expansion plans.The two store locations will (eventually) be within a five-mile radius of each other. The locations are within a suburban area that has current technological infrastructures and related technology offerings. The stores will need a sales system and print services for invoices.Complete your proposal including costs for computing equipment, network infrastructure, network servers, printers, and related hardware, software, and accessories. Include as much detail as possible as hearty as justification as to your selections. Diagram and explain your physical network and computer design as well as the logical network design (server installation, domain layout, etc.). As you are a humbled business, cost is a major factor and should be minimized.

Segmentation, Targeting and positioning strategy for MEENA BAZAAR Essay Example for Free

Segmentation, Targeting and positioning strategy for MEENA fair EssaySegmentation, Targeting and positioning of public square Market Targeting Service targeted at selected customer Strategy 1. concentrated trade strategy to serve a single market Segmentation Apporx. 20,000 target customers represents this market with geographic, demographic and psychographic agreement 1. Geographic Urban dealers staying at Dhaka and more specifically in Dhanmondi, Gulshan, Uttara, Malibag and Mirpur area 2. Demographic part SEC A or Upper class with at least a periodic d wholesomeing house income of 35000+ and Married people of age 25 and above with a family of 3 to more members 3. Psychographic segmentation Actualizer, succeeder and experiencer who are not more than 13% of SEC A+ population Habituated in modern lifestyle. feeling for convenience in every means e.g. Cooking, hence preferred frozen food as well as during shopping, Quality of service and product is non-negotiable and ready to expense more to meet the need. Willing to remedy their timber of life with lifestyle choice 4. Product related segmentationEvery day user of at least one product or service brookd by the company Positioning Agora promises a valuable shopping experience that provides frozen foods to meet the convenient need of its customers. It aims to consistently provide a remarkably satisfying and valuable shopping experience through a business that provides quality product for customers and team members. With a brand core essence opportunity Analysis for MEENA BAZAAROpportunity Identification with Buyers type Socio Economic Psychographic type (Ref. BBS 2010 HH penetration data) Global -1.4 mio of total HH with an average monthly income of 35000+ , mostly achievers and experiencer who are enjoying their life at fullest. AGORA Reached only 0.14% of totalpopulation (Ref, Aagora web page) pursuance Striving 2.9 mio of total HH with an average monthly income of 20000.

Freud vs. Jung Essay Example for Free

Freud vs. Jung EssayCarl Jung met Freud in 1907 and the two men talked virtually without a pause for bakers dozen hours Each was captivated by the others genius and passionate interest in psychology, and they began a close correspondence in which they exchanged letters as often as three multiplication a week. ( hold, Edelstein 2010)Both men are famous psychoanalysts with unique approaches to nature. At one point they shared numerous of the same theories and had a deep friendship. However, Jung developed several new theories and disagreements with Freud. After years of friendship the copulate parted in 1913. The three main areas of ad hominemity which Jung disagreed with Freud on was the role of sexuality, temporal forces that influence personality and the unconscious. My views are split with these two, I except believe that they had shared so much of the same beliefs further eventually they had to branch of in some way because that is how they get their recognition. Two po werful men in the field of psychology had to have a different view in order to fulfill their ego. The theories of Freud and Jung fork-like off from sexual to Jungs analytical approach in a deeper meaning. Freud believed in Self knowingness and Jung was more into ego realization. In which Freud was more focused on the unconscious when Jung branched off into exploring more towards the conscious mind. Freud is known as the father of the unconscious and he developed psychotherapy along with the persuasion of the id, ego and superego. Jung accepted the idea of the unconscious but he elaborated it by labeling two levels the personal and the collective unconscious.Jung also developed Analytical Psychology and the terms introvert and extrovert. Freud firmly rejected godliness and Jung incorporated things like religion and art into his theory. Freud felt religion was an escape and a fallacy, which ought not to be propagated. His faith was fully in the minds ability to access its unconsc ious thoughts. Jung conversely believed that religion was an important give of safety for the individual as he or she began the process of individuation, exploring and accepting all parts of the self (wiseGeek, 2013).In 1914 Jung broke with Freud to develop his own school of psychology, which emphasized the interpretation of the psyches symbols from a universal mythological perspective rather than a personal biographical one. (Bridle, Edelstein, 2010) This is kind of where I broke up with Jung and his approach as well because I dont really believe in the mythological perspective and I do think it is very complex and I believe it is just simpler then this. Although, some things I do agree with both Psychoanalysts and they did shape the way for others and also regulate the way for other approaches in the field.Like B. F. Skinner and Abraham Maslow. My favorite thing about Sigmund Freud is the Psychoanalysis. Which is Freuds advanced treatment method in which the patient is encoura ged to speak freely about memories, associations, fantasies and dreams and which relies on Freuds theories of interpretation. (Bridle, Edelstein, 2010)I love this because it is still used in the field of psychology and is actually relevant to my life because for my bipolar disorder and PTSD I use both medication and I talk to people exploitation what is now called psychotherapy.It really does help in my case because talking to someone about my problems is just as helpful as the medication they give me to help me sleep and function in life. References wiseGEEK (2003-2013) www. wisegeek. com/what-are-the-primary-differences-between-freuds-and-jungs-theories-htm Was ist das Ich? Susan Bridle and Amy Edelstein 1991-2010, EnlightenNext magazine Httpwww. enlightennext. org/magazine/j17/wasist. asp.

On Translation of English Proverbs Essay Example for Free

On Translation of English Proverbs EssayAbstractProverbs, which derive from life are the condensation and embodiment of the actors line and culture of a nation. Proverb is a form of literature,its terseness and depth is the result of sand washing from unsmooth sea and discarding the dross and selecting the essential in the course of language culture development. The proverb has the bright property of a nation. Because of the differences of spiritual beliefs, habits and customs, fables and myth and culture and art, English proverbs and Chinese proverbs carry on the different internal cultural characteristics and information. In translation,these cultural elements are the main difficulties and they formthe influencing factor of the translation of English proverbs.This canvas uses some typical examples to state intravenous feeding factors through analyzing, comparing and concluding from the point of geographical environment, customs, religious beliefs and historical culture. In order to present an adequate translation of a proverb, we can use four translation methods flexibly literal translation, needy translation, substitution translation and literal translation combined with free translation.Key words English proverb influencing factor translation method ,

Role of Genomics Educated Nurses

character of Genomics Educated NursesGENETICS ROLE IN HEALTH CARE OF PATIENTS 1Evidence Based Practice Paper on patrimonials division in Health C be of PatientsMinimol ShebeenAmerican Sentinel UniversityEvidence Based Practice Paper on transmitteds Role in Health Cargon of PatientsEvidence-based practice (EBP) is the incorporation of clinical skill, patient advantages and the stovepipe research evidence into the decision-making process for patient fretfulness. Clinical expertness relates to the clinicians gathered fellowship, education and clinical abilities. The patient brings to the encounter his or her own mortalal likings and ludicrous concerns, hopes and values. The finest research verification is normally formal in clinically significant research that has been organized using sound methodology. (Duke University Medical Center Library, 2013). The absolute majority of indispositions jeopardizes, wellness situation and the remedies wasting diseased to treat those cond itions has a ancestral element impacted by lifestyle, environmental and other factors, and therefore affecting the whole breast feeding profession. Nurses have intimate knowledge of the patients, familys, rough communitys perspectives and an understanding of biological supports. Nurses in like manner have experience with genomic technologies and data along with skills in communication and building coalitions and most(prenominal) importantly, the publics trust. Nurses are well positi superstard to incorporate ancestral and genomic information across all aspects of the United States health care system. Nurses, the most trusted health professionals, make unique contributions to the field of valet de chambre patrimonials and genomics and complement the work of other health care providers to improve the health of the public (Calzone et al., 2010). This paper looks into the role of genomics educated encourages in saving lives and improving health care quality.familial Engineering According to The capital of South Carolina Electronic Encyclopedia (2013), genetic manoeuvering is the use of different methods to engineer the genetic material of cells to change hereditary features to produce biological products. Various techniques are used, includingUse of hybrids of rapidly proliferating cancer cells and cells that make a needed antibody to make monoclonal antibodiesPolymerase chain reaction in which blast copies of Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fractions are made and used in DNA fingerprinting.Gene splicing, in which DNA of a wanted gene is inserted into a DNA of a bacterium which then reproduces itself producing to a greater extent of the wanted gene.genetically engineered outputs include bacteria intended to break down industrial waste products and oil slicks, drugs like human insulin, human and bovine growth hormones and interferon. It may too degrade meants that are resistant to insects, diseases and herbicides, that yield payoff or vegetables with desi red qualities, or produce toxins that act as pesticides. Genetic engineering methods have also been used in the direct gene conversion of livestock and laboratory animals (The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 2013). lawful and Ethical IssuesAccording to Lea (2008), genetics have developed to include the effect of a persons entire genome, environmental elements and their joint effects on health. This growth is creating new, gene-based technologies for the preview, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of both(prenominal)(prenominal) uncommon and common diseases, such as cancer, heart disease, diabetes and stroke. New genomic breakthroughs and their implementations bring great expectation for a more personalized appeal to treat disease. While these new indications raise expectations for disease prevention and treatment, they also bring hard ethical issues to patients and healthcare providers in a similar way. Some of the ethical challenges for nurses arePrivacy and ConfidentialityWh o shall have reach to genetic data? Who owns and commands it?How can families settle differences when some members want to be tested for a genetic disturbance, and others do not?DiscriminationShould managements be able to need avocation appliers to take genetic tests as a requirement of employment?Unbiased Access to Genomic TechnologiesResource-poor countries, the uninsured, rural and inner-city communities how business leader genomic science and treatments be made available to those with fewer reserves?Rare genetic conditions who bequeath devote the progress of treatments for genetic disorders that affect a comparatively small number of people?Influence of Genetic DataHow does a persons genetic data influence that case-by-case and societys feeling of that individual?How do genes and genomic facts affect fellows of minority populations?According to National Human Genome Research represent (2007), certain ethical, legal and social issues research areas identified as the main challenges for the future of genomic research rational property issues surrounding the approach to and use of genetic knowledgeEthical, legal and social factors that impact the reading material of genetic data to improved healthProblems surrounding the manners of genetic researchIssues surrounding the use of genetic knowledge and technologies in non-health care backgroundsThe impact of genomics on notions of race, kinship, ethnicity and individual and group identityThe associations for both individuals and society of unveiling genomic inputs to human features and conductsHow different individuals, cultures and religious practices view the ethical boundaries for the uses of genomicsMandatory Screening newborn sister screening is a growing use of genetic examination. A technology called Tandem Mass spectrometry is now being used by many a(prenominal) state newborn screening programs, permitting screening for more than 24 distinctive genetic disorders using one easy test. This wide ned newborn screening raises new issues more or less sophisticated decision making. As illustrated by the American Academy of Pediatrics, genetic testing varies from other types of aesculapian testing in that it provides information more or less the family. For example, a diagnosis of Phenylketonuria (PKU) made in an infant through newborn screening means that the infants parents are carriers, and that they have a 25 percent chance with each future pregnancy for having another child with PKU. Each of the parents siblings has a 50 percent chance to be transporters. Thus, the screening results may have related social, psychological and financial endangerments. Parents who are carriers may have psychological take a chances which may comprise parental responsibility. A child diagnosed with a genetic condition may face descended identity and risk insurance and employment unequal treatment. At present, most states have mandatory newborn screening agendas that require all infants to be screened unless the parents deny. This is called informed dissent, with least information supplied to parents. An informed consent process, on the other hand, would include talk with the parents about the risks, restrictions and benefits of newborn screening to begin with consenting to the testing. Having an informed consent procedure for newborn screening has the attitude for faster and efficient responses to prescribed sequels. The American Academy of Pediatrics has recommended that pediatric providers give parents the needed data and counseling regarding the risks, benefits, and limitations of newborn screening, and that they second with genetics professionals and prenatal care providers in providing this difficult information to the parents. There are currently both states that require informed consent for newborn screening, Maryland and Wyoming. Thirteen other states need that parents are well-informed about the newborn screening ahead the testing is done on their infan t. All but one state, South Dakota, permit parental rejection of newborn screening for religious or personal reasons (Lea, 2008).Healthcare Providers Role in Gene TherapyThe nursing profession is a crucial contributor of the finest health care serve and is key to ending the gap between research breakthroughs that are effective for health care and their liberal adoption to optimize health. Every year, over 106,000 people in the United States will die from unseemly effects from medicaments ordered and dispensed in correct dosages, and over 2 million will take in grave but not life-threatening toxicities. Among individuals 65 years of age or older, 17.3 percent of perverse drug event related emergency department visits were connected with warfarin, the majority of, which were dose-related with 44.2 percent needing hospitalization. Individual genetic markers are among the causes that add to the decision of warfarin dose conditions. A strong nursing element, can slack the extent o f life-threatening hemorrhage or sub-therapeutic dosing that can result in thrombosis as an outcome of individual responses regulated by genetic structure. Despite an expanding body of evidence with the addition of genetics and genomics to health or illness, the proof unique(predicate) to results of genetically suitable nursing practice and the effect on the publics health is very insufficient. However, individual stories point to the possibility for changing health care by the genomically competent nurse (Calzone et al., 2010).A nurse who is informed about genetics and trained at acquiring and reviewing risk in a family news report have the possibility to help people avert adult-onset disorders and resulting morbidity and mortality. to a greater extent than 180,000 new cases of breast cancer are identified y early on, of which approximately 5 to 10 percent will have an inherited vulnerability to the disease. A nurse case manager took a brief family fund of a woman to recognize any information persistent with an inherited vulnerability to cancer. The nurse recognize a paternal family history of early-onset breast cancer and her ethnic legacy, Ashkenazi Jewish, together induced her risk of having a mutation in a breast cancer vulnerability gene. The nurse directed this woman to a cancer genetics professional. The proof points to not except a reduction in morbidity and accomplishable mortality, but also to a health care saving of hundreds of dollars per life year as an outcome of the nurses activity (Calzone et al., 2010).Annually, about 180,000 to 250,000 people in the United States will bear a abrupt cardiac death. The nurses informed in genetics can aid people prevent sudden cardiac death. A cardiac echocardiogram was carried out by a cardiovascular advanced practice nurse (APN) on a patient who told the story about many family members who had died unexpectedly from a heart attack. Attracted, the APN obtained a family history and shared it with one of the cardiologists. Over a few years, the APN collected a broad many generation family history that comprised members situated in many states and many countries and found that many had died in their teens and early adult years. The family took part in a research study and final the gene and disease specific mutations were recognized. The women later arranged her appointment with a cardiologist. Over an eight-year period, she had an implantable cardioverter defibrillator placed, which cardioverted her on two different instances, proceeded by two ablation surgeries for atrial fibrillation. Later, the woman was pregnant with her first child. She described that her pregnancy was possible because of the APNs genetic proficiency and close supervision, education of other health care professionals participating in the womans prenatal care, and her direction and support throughout the pregnancy. In this family, the APN had prevented the premature death of many at risk family members by atten ding to and also inquiring into a family history over ten years (Calzone et al., 2010).In preconception and prenatal backgrounds, nurses have a chance to help families ready for a child with a genetic situation. Congenital malformations are the main cause of infant death in the United States. A 48-year-old woman recollected her episodes with the birth and later death of her two children with distinctive chromosome disorders. She differed her fierce suffer with her first baffle to her dramatically better encounter 10 years later with her second baby. When the woman was 30 years old, she got a call at work from the obstetricians office that her genetic screen was abnormal. A follow-up amniocentesis showed that her growing baby had Edwards syndrome. The woman selected to carry on her pregnancy. When her daughter was born, the mother matte very little assistance from the physicians and nurses. She described them as a task directed and very clinical. When she was released firm with he r baby the mother felt left behind by the health care system her only contact with health care professionals being her babys pediatrician, who had never cared for a child with this disease during his 20 years of service. After around ten years, the woman got to be pregnant with her child. Because of her age and history of having a previous child with a chromosome disorder, as a reassurance, the woman selected to have an amniocentesis. However, the results showed she was pregnant with a male fetus who had Patau syndrome. In comparison to her preceding experience, she was directed to a pediatric hospice service. The nurses and physicians skill about Patau syndrome and the expected clinical course was reassured to the woman. The nurse made sure all labor and delivery, and postpartum staff were informed about Patau syndrome and aware of the expected birth as well as the plan for relief attention. The nurse kept up touch with the woman during the pregnancy and gave hospice care during th e womans sons 12-week life span (Calzone et al., 2010).ConclusionEvidence based practice in nursing is based on the idea that medical practices need to be adapted and amended based on the continuing cycle of evidence, theory and research. As the research continues new issues were found and theories are developed forcing changes in practice. Genetic engineering involves manipulation of the organisms genome utilizing biotechnology. Nurses work close to the patient more than any other healthcare professional. Due to the same reason nurses could easily observe the changes in patients. Evidences show nurses who have the proper knowledge in genetics could save many lives and improve a patients quality of life. Therefore educating and training nurses and retentiveness them up-to-date with the latest technological advances will be an addition to the overall healthcare.ReferenceCalzone, K. A., Cashion, A., Feetham, S., Jenkins, J., Prows, C. A., Williams, J. K., Wung, S. F. (2010). Nurses transforming health care using genetics and genomics. Nursing Outlook, 58(1), doi 10.1016/j.outlook.2009.05.001Duke University Medical Center Library. (2013, December 06). What is evidence-based practice (ebp)? . Retrieved from http//guides.mclibrary.duke.edu/content.php?pid=431451sid=3529499Lea, D. H. (2008). Genetic and genomic healthcare Ethical issues of importance to nurses. The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 13(1)National Human Genome Research Institute. (2007, November). ELSI research program. Retrieved from www.genome.gov/10001618The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia. (2013). Genetic engineering. Retrieved from http//encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Genetic manipulation